ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ืื ื’ืœื™

ื”ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ื”ืื ื’ืœื™, ื”ืžื“ื•ืจื’ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœื‘ื™ื ื”ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ื•ื ื’ื–ืข ืื”ื•ื‘, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื”ื•ืœื“ืชื• ืื ื’ืœื™ื”. ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžื ื ื’ื–ืข ื ืคืจื“ ืืš ื’ื ืงืฉื•ืจ ื‘ืงืฉืจ ื”ื“ื•ืง ืœื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ื“ื• ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืื•ืงื™ืื ื•ืก, ื”ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™, ื•ืžืื•ืคื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจืืฉ ื•ื‘ื—ื•ื˜ื ืืจื•ื›ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืžืขื˜ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื”ืื•ื–ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื• ืจืง ื ืจืื•ืช ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ืŸ ืžื’ื™ืขื•ืช ืœืจืฆืคื”. ื”ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ื”ืื ื’ืœื™, ื ื™ื ื•ื— ื•ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื™ืชืŸ, ืžื—ื–ื™ืง ื›ื‘ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื‘ืคื ืชื™ืื•ืŸ ืžืžืœื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช.

ืฉื ืจืฉืžื™: ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ืื ื’ืœื™

ืฉืžื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื: ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ, ืงื•ืงืจ ืื ื’ืœื™, ืงื•ืงืจ, EC

ืžืงื•ืจ: ืกืคืจื“

ืคื•ืจื˜ืจื˜ ื‘ืฉื—ื•ืจ ืœื‘ืŸ ืฉืœ ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ืื ื’ืœื™ ืฉื—ื•ืจ ื™ื•ืฉื‘
ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืจื™ื•ืจ

ืžื–ื’ ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื—ื? ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ืช
ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืžื–ื’ ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ืงืจ? ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ืช
ืจืžืช ื ืฉื™ืจื” ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืชืื™ื ืœืžื’ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ืจื”? ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”
ื ื˜ื™ื™ื” ืœื ื‘ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืœื‘ื“?*
ืจืžืช ืื ืจื’ื™ื”* ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื—ื™ื™ืช ืžื—ืžื“ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ืช?* ื’ื‘ื•ื”
ื”ืชืืžื” ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืžื—ืžื“ ืื—ืจื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”

* ืื ื• ืžืžืœื™ืฆื™ื ืœื ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžื—ืžื“ ืœื‘ื“ ืœืžืฉืš ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘. ื—ื‘ืจื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžืฆื•ืงื” ืจื’ืฉื™ืช ื•ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืจืกื ื™ืช. ื“ื‘ืจื• ืขื ื”ื•ื•ื˜ืจื™ื ืจ ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช.

ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื™ืช ืžื—ืžื“ ื”ื™ื ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช, ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืชื•ืš ื’ื–ืข; ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืชืžื•ื ืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื’ื–ืข ื›ืื™ื ื“ื™ืงืฆื™ื”.

ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื—ื™ื™ืช ืžื—ืžื“ ื‘ืจื™ืื”, ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ืžื—ื•ื ื›ืช, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืžืœื™ืฆื™ื ืœื—ื ืš ื•ืœื—ื‘ืจืช ืืช ื—ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžื—ืžื“ ืฉืœื›ื ื•ื›ืŸ ืœืžืœื ืืช ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื ืฉืœื” (ื•ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”.

ืœืขื•ืœื ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžื—ืžื“ ืขื ื™ืœื“ ืœืœื ื”ืฉื’ื—ื”.

ื™ืฉ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืงืฉืจ ืขื ืžื’ื“ืœ ื‘ืขืœื™-ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืื• ืขื ื”ื•ื•ื˜ืจื™ื ืจ ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื ื•ืกืฃ.

ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืžื“ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื™ืชื•ืช ื”ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจื”. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืœืžื“ ืื•ืชืŸ ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืœื‘ื“ ืžื’ื™ืœ ืฆืขื™ืจ. ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฅ ืขื ื”ื•ื•ื˜ืจื™ื ืจ ืื• ื”ืžืืœืฃ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืขื–ืจื• ืœื›ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช.โ€ฌ

Inline Image 15
ืื™ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ืื ื’ืœื™ ืขื•ืžื“
ื–ื›ืจ
39 cm - 41 cm ื’ื•ื‘ื”
13 kg - 15 kg 500 g ืžืฉืงืœ
ื ืงื‘ื”
38 cm - 39 cm ื’ื•ื‘ื”
13 kg - 15 kg 500 g ืžืฉืงืœ

ื’ื™ืœ ื™ื ืงื•ืช ืœื™ื“ื” ืขื“ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื™ื
ื’ื™ืœ ื’ื•ืจื•ืช 2 ืขื“ 12 ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื
โ€โ€ซื’ื™ืœ ื‘ื’ืจื•ืชโ€ฌ ืžื•ืงื“ืžืช ืฉื ื” ืขื“ 7 ืฉื ื™ื
ื’ื™ืœ ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ืžืœืื” 7 ืขื“ 10 ืฉื ื™ื
ื’ื™ืœ ื–ื™ืงื ื” ืžื’ื™ืœ ืขืฉืจ

ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ื™ืช ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœื™ื ืื ื’ืœื™ื™ื ืžืฆื™ืฆื™ื ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืงื™ืจ

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ื”ื›ื™ืจื• ืืช ื”ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ื”ืื ื’ืœื™

ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื“ืขืช ืขืœ ื”ื’ื–ืข

ืืœ ืชืชื ื• ืœืคืจื•ื•ื” ื”ืžืคื•ืืจืช ืœื”ื˜ืขื•ืช ืืชื›ื: ื”ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ ืžื—ื•ืกืคืก ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœื‘, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืกืชื“ืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื˜ื‘ืข ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื’ื•ื“ืœ ื›ื›ืœื‘ ืฆื™ื“. ื”ื•ื ื‘ืŸ ืœื•ื•ื™ื” ื ืืžืŸ, ืชืžื™ื“ ืœื”ื•ื˜ ืœืฆืืช ืœื”ืœื™ื›ื” ืืจื•ื›ื”, ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœ ื‘ื˜ื‘ืข, ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ืžื” ืžื–ื’ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ. ืžื” ื”ืื˜ืจืงืฆื™ื” ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ืช, ืžืœื‘ื“ ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœืฉื•ื˜ื˜ ื‘ื˜ื‘ืข? ืืชื. ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ืื• ืžืชื›ืจื‘ืœ ืœื™ื“ ื”ืืฉ, ื”ื’ื–ืข ืชืžื™ื“ ืžืกื•ืคืง ืœืฉื”ื•ืช ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ื™ื. ื”ื ืžืกื•ืจื™ื ืžื˜ื‘ืขื.

ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืื™ืœื•ืฃ ืขื“ื™ืŸ ืืš ืงืฉื•ื— ืžื’ื™ืœ ืฆืขื™ืจ ื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ ืฉืœื›ื. ืœื’ื–ืข ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืžืฉืœื• ื•ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืฆื™ื“ ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ืกื˜ื™ื ืงื˜ ืžื•ืœื“, ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืœื”ืชืœื‘ื˜ ืื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ื›ืฉืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื”ื. ื”ื ื‘ื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ืื ื’ืœื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื•ื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ื” - ื›ืžื• ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื›ืœื‘ ืฆื™ื“ ืžื’ื–ืข ืื—ืจ - ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ื›ืืŸ, ืื™ืœื•ืฃ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ.

ื”ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ ื–ื›ื” ืœืžื•ื ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื• ื›ืจื˜ืจื™ื‘ืจ ืžื•ืžื—ื” ืœืฆื™ืคื•ืจื™ ืฆื™ื“, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื™ื“ื•ืข ื‘ืฉื ื›ืœื‘ ืฆื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืื• ื›ืœื‘ ืืงื“ื—. ื”ื•ื ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜, ื•ืืคืฉืจ ืœืชืจื’ื ืืช ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ื”ืื™ื ืกื˜ื™ื ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ืฉืœื• ืœืžืฆื•ื ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืื™ืกื•ืฃ ื—ืคืฆื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ืœืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ. ื ืกื• ืžืฉื—ืง ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœ "ืœืš ืชื‘ื™ื" ืื ื”ื›ืœื‘ ืฉืœื›ื ื ืจืื” ื—ืกืจ ืžื ื•ื—ื”. ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืกื™ืžืŸ ื”ื”ื™ื›ืจ ืฉืœ ื’ื–ืข, ื•ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ื™ืฆื™ื‘ ืฉืœื”ื ื™ื—ืœื™ืง ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ืฉื“ื” - ืื• ื”ื—ืฆืจ - ื‘ืงืœื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.

ืžื‘ื˜ ืžืงืจื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ืื ื’ืœื™ ืฉื—ื•ืจ ืžื‘ื™ื˜ ืืœ ื”ืžืจื—ืง

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2 ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืขืœ ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ืื ื’ืœื™

1. ืื•ื–ื ื™ ื”ืžืฉื™ ืฉืœื• ื ื•ื˜ื•ืช ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ืžื™ื

ื›ืžื• ืืฆืœ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื’ื–ืขื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื™ ืื•ื–ื ื™ื™ื, ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื ืงื™ื•ืช ื•ืคื ื•ื™ื•ืช. ื™ืฉ ืœื ืงื•ืช ืื•ืชืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืื•ืชืŸ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ื‘ืžืจืคืืช ื”ื•ื•ื˜ืจื™ื ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ื”ืื ื’ืœื™.

2. ืžื”ื• ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืฉืย 

ื”ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ ืฉื•ืื‘ ืืช ืฉืžื• ืžืฆื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื—ืจื˜ื•ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื“ื•ืข ื›ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื‘ืœื›ื™ื“ืชื”.

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ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื–ืข

ื”ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืœ ืขื‘ืจ ืกืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™. ื”ื’ื–ืข ืคื•ืชื— ื›ื›ืœื‘ ืฉืฆื“ ืขื•ืคื•ืช ืื• ื›ืœื‘ ืฆื™ื“, ื•ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื ืจื—ื‘ ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ื” ื•ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืžื›ื•ืกื™ ื ื•ืฆื•ืช, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื—ืจื˜ื•ืžืŸ ืฉื”ืขื ื™ืง ืœื’ื–ืข ืืช ืฉืžื•. ื”ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ ื”ื•ื ื›ืœื‘ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœื’ื–ืข ื”ืขืชื™ืง ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.

ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชื—ืงื•ืช ืื—ืจ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื’ื–ืข ืขื“ ืกืคืจื“, ื”ืžื™ืœื” "ืกืคื ื™ืืœ" ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื” ืœืžืขืฉื” "ื›ืœื‘ ืกืคืจื“ื™". ื›ืœื‘ื™ ื”ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ ื–ื›ื• ืœืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื•ืช ืขืฆื•ืžื” ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืฉื™ื”ื ื›ื›ืœื‘ื™ื ืกืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ื•ืขื ืฆื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืžืฆืืช ื”ืจื•ื‘ื”. ืกืคื ื™ืืœื™ื ืžืกื•ื•ื’ื™ื ื›ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ืžื™ื ืื• ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ื™ื‘ืฉื”, ื”ืžืชืžื—ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื“ ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ื ื”ื ื”ื’ื–ืข ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื ืฃ ื”ื™ื‘ืฉืชื™. ื”ื›ืœื‘ื™ื ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืœืคืจื•ื— ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ื” ื‘ืžืื” ื”-19 ื›ืฉื”ืชืฆื•ื’ื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ื•ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœื”ืชื‘ืกืก ืชืงื ื™ ื’ื–ืข. ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืžื–ื’ ื•ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื, ื”ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ ื”ืชื‘ืœื˜ ืžื”ืจ ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื‘ื•ืจืช ื”ืกืคื ื™ืืœื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื.

ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื–ื” ื”ื’ื–ืข ื ืคืจื“ ื‘ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื”ืจื‘ื™ื™ื” ืžื”ื“ื•ื“ืŸ ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืžืื” ื”-20 ื›ืฉืฉื ื™ื”ื ื”ื•ื›ืจื• ื›ื’ื–ืขื™ื ืจืฉืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืขื“ื•ืŸ ื”ื›ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ื‘-1946. ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ ืžื•ื‘ื—ืŸ ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจืืฉ ื•ื”ืืฃ ื”ืืจื•ื›ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื”ืคืจื•ื•ื” ื”ืงืฆืจื” ื™ื•ืชืจ.

ื”ื’ื–ืข ืฆื‘ืจ ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื•ืช ืขืฆื•ืžื” ืขื ื”ืกืจื˜ ืฉืœ ื“ื™ืกื ื™ 'ื”ื™ืคื”ืคื™ื™ื” ื•ื”ื™ื—ืคืŸ' ืžืฉื ืช 1955 ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื™ืคื”ืคื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื›ืœื‘ืช ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ.

ืคื•ืจื˜ืจื˜ ื‘ืฉื—ื•ืจ ืœื‘ืŸ ืฉืœ ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ืื ื’ืœื™ ื™ื•ืฉื‘

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ืžืงืฆื” ื”ืจืืฉ ื•ืขื“ ืงืฆื” ื”ื–ื ื‘

ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ืคื™ื–ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ืื ื’ืœื™

1. ืื•ื–ื ื™ื™ื

ืื•ื–ื ื™ ืžืฉื™ ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช

2. ืจืืฉ

ืจืืฉ ื—ื–ืง ืืš ืจืš, ื”ื‘ืขืช ืคื ื™ื ื“ืจื•ื›ื” ืžืื•ื“ ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืœื’ื–ืข

3. ื’ื•ืฃ

ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืืฆื™ืœื™, ื—ื–ืง ื•ืงื•ืžืคืงื˜ื™ ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ื™ืจืื•ืช ื ื•ืงืฉื”

4. ื–ื ื‘

ื”ื–ื ื‘ ืžืฉืชืจืข ืžืขื˜ ื ืžื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ื’ื‘ ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉืจ, ืœืขืชื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงืฆื•ืฅ

5. ืคืจื•ื•ื”

ื”ืคืจื•ื•ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื˜ื•ื—ื” ืื• ืžืขื˜ ื’ืœื™ืช, ืงืฆืจื” ื•ืขื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืจืืฉ, ื‘ืื•ืจืš ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ ืขืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ

ื’ื•ืจ ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ืื ื’ืœื™ ืžื•ื–ื”ื‘ ืžืœืงืง ืืช ื”ืื•ื–ืŸ ืฉืœ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ืฉื—ื•ืจ ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ

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ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉื™ื ืืœื™ื”ื ืœื‘

ืžืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืœื’ื–ืข ื•ืขื“ ืœืกืงื™ืจื” ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ืืœื• ื”ืŸ ื›ืžื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ ืฉืœื›ื

ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ืขื ื ื˜ื™ื™ื” ืœืขืฆืžืื•ืช

ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื ืคืœืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ื”ืื ื’ืœื™, ืฉืœืจื•ื‘ ืžืชื•ืืจ ื›ื›ืœื‘ ืฉืžื—, ื”ืŸ ืจื‘ื•ืช. ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉ ืฉืœื”ื ื”ื•ื ืื—ืช ืžื”ืŸ. ืขื“ ืฉื“ืขืชื ืžื•ืกื—ืช ื•ื”ื ืžืชืงื“ืžื™ื ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื”ืคื•ืš. ืื™ืœื•ืฃ ืžื•ืงื“ื ื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืœืžื“ ืื•ืชื ืžื™ ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’, ื•ืžื™ ืœื.

ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืงืฉื” ืœืืœืฃ ืื•ืชื ืœืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืฆืจื›ื™ื ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื‘ื™ืช

ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื’ื–ืข ืขืงืฉืŸ ื•ื’ื ืจื’ื™ืœ ืœืกืคื•ืจื˜, ื›ืฉืžื ืกื™ื ืœืืœืฃ ืืช ื”ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœืฆื•ืฅ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช. ื›ืœื•ื‘ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœ ืขื–ืจ ืจื‘ ื‘ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ื•ืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ื™ืชื™ืช.

ืžืชื—ืช ืœืžืจืื” ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ื”ืจืš ืžืกืชืชืจ ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœ ืกืคื•ืจื˜ืื™ ืืœื•ืฃ

ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ืช, ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื’ื–ืข ืกืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™. ืœื›ืŸ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื’ื•ืคื ื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ื”ืื ื’ืœื™. ื”ื ื ื”ื ื™ื ืžื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ืง ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื™ืขืงืžื• ืืช ื”ืืฃ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืžืฉื—ืง ื‘ื—ืฆืจ.

ืชื–ื•ื ื” ื‘ืจื™ืื”, ื›ืœื‘ ื‘ืจื™ื

ื’ื•ืจื™ื
ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื
ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื
  • ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ืื ื’ืœื™ ื™ืฉ ืœืงื—ืช ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื: ื”ื’ื™ืœ, ืื•ืจื— ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ืจืžืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช, ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ื•ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืื• ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ื•ืช. ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืง ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืืช ื”ืชืคืงื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœื‘, ื•ืคื•ืจืžื•ืœื” ืชื–ื•ื ืชื™ืช ืžืœืื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื›ื™ืœ ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืชืื ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืžื–ื™ื ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ื›ืœ ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ืื• ืขื•ื“ืฃ ื‘ืชื–ื•ื ื” ืฉืœื•, ืฉืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ืฉืœื™ืœื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœื‘.
  • ืžื™ื ื ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืžืชื•ืงื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื–ืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืช. ื‘ืžื–ื’ ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื—ื ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืฉื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืœื”ืชืืžืŸ, ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืืชื›ื ืžื™ื ืœื”ืคืกืงื•ืช ื”ืฉืชื™ื™ื” ื”ืชื›ื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœื‘.
  • ืฆืจื™ื›ืช ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืชืžื™ื“ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืชืืžืช ืœืชื ืื™ ื”ืืงืœื™ื. ื›ืœื‘ ืฉื—ื™ ื‘ื—ืฆืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืจืฃ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืœ ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื.
  • ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื•ืช ืžื™ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช. ืื ื”ื›ืœื‘ ืฉืœื›ื ืกื•ื‘ืœ ืžื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฅ ืขื ื”ื•ื•ื˜ืจื™ื ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืชืื™ื ืœื• ืชื–ื•ื ื” ื•ื˜ืจื™ื ืจื™ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช.
  • ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืจ ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ืื ื’ืœื™, ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื”, ื”ื—ืœื‘ื•ืŸ, ื”ืžื™ื ืจืœื™ื ื•ื”ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืžื™ื ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžืืœื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœื‘ื™ื ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื. ื”ื ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื•ืœื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืžื–ื™ื ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืื•ืชื•. ืขื“ ื’ื™ืœ 12 ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืจ ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ืื ื’ืœื™ ืžืชืคืชื—ืช ื‘ื”ื“ืจื’ื”. ืงื•ืžืคืœืงืก ืฉืœ ื ื•ื’ื“ื™ ื—ืžืฆื•ืŸ - ื›ื•ืœืœ ื•ื™ื˜ืžื™ืŸ E - ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื”ื’ื ื” ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื–ื• ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื, ืชื’ืœื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืคื’ืฉื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื. โ€โ€ซื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืชืคืงื•ื“ื™ ื”ืขื™ื›ื•ืœ ืฉืœื• ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืžืืœื• ืฉืœ ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ืื ื’ืœื™ ื‘ื•ื’ืจ: ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขื™ื›ื•ืœ ืฉืœื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื‘ืฉืœื” ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืกืคืง ืœื• ื—ืœื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืงืœื™ื ืœืขื™ื›ื•ืœ ืฉื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช. ืคืจื”-ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ื™ืงื”, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืคืจื•ืงื˜ื•-ืื•ืœื™ื’ื•ืกื›ืจื™ื“ื™ื, ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขื™ื›ื•ืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื“ืงื™ ื”ืžืขื™ื™ื, ื•ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฆื•ืื”.
  • ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื“ื•ืžื”, ื”ืฉื™ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืจ โ€“ ื”ื—ืœ ืžืฉื™ื ื™ ื”ื—ืœื‘, ืื• ื”ืฉื™ื ื™ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื”ืฉื™ื ื™ื™ื ื”ืงื‘ื•ืขื•ืช โ€“ ื”ืŸ ื’ื•ืจื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื—ืช ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืช ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ื”ื’ื•ื“ืœ, ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ื•ื“ืจื’ืช ื”ืงื•ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื•ืคืชื™ื•ืช. ื”ืชื—ื–ื•ืงื” ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืจ ื•ื”ืคืจื•ื•ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืžื–ื™ื ื™ื ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ืฉื•ืžืŸ ืื•ืžื’ื” 3 (EPA-DHA), ื•ื™ื˜ืžื™ืŸ A ื•ืฉืžืŸ ื‘ื•ืจืื’'. ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื’ื“ื™ืœื” ื”ืงืฆืจ ื”ื–ื” ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ื’ื ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœ ืชื›ื•ืœืช ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” (ื”ืžืชื‘ื˜ืืช ื‘ืงืง"ืœ/100 ื’ืจื ืฉืœ ืžื–ื•ืŸ), ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ืžื–ื™ื ื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื’ื ื”ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ืžื”ืจื’ื™ืœ ื‘ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื’ื“ื™ืœื” ื‘ืขืœ ืคื•ืจืžื•ืœื” ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช. ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœืคืฆืœ ืืช ื”ืžื ื” ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ืช ืœืฉืœื•ืฉ ืืจื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื ืขื“ ื’ื™ืœ ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ื•ืื– ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืฉืชื™ ืืจื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื.
  • ื”ื™ืขื“ื™ื ื”ืชื–ื•ื ืชื™ื™ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ืื ื’ืœื™ ื‘ื•ื’ืจ ื”ื:
  • ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื—ืกื•ื ื”ืขื•ืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืชื•ืกืคืช ืžื•ืขืฉืจืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ืฉื•ืžืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช (ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ EPA-DHA), ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ืืžื™ื ื• ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืžื™ื ื™ื ืžืงื‘ื•ืฆืช B
  • ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืžืฉืงืœ ื’ื•ืฃ ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืงืœื™ื ืœืขื™ื›ื•ืœ ื•ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืชื›ื•ืœืช ืฉื•ืžืŸ ื‘ืจืžื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื”. ื™ื“ื•ืข ื›ื™ ื›ืœื‘ื™ ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ืื ื’ืœื™ ื”ื ื—ืžื“ื ื™ื. ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืžืฉืงืœ ืชืงื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื–ืข ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™.
  • ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืชืคืงื•ื“ ืชืงื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื‘ ืขื ืชื›ื•ืœื” ืžื•ืชืืžืช ืฉืœ ืžื™ื ืจืœื™ื, EPA-DHA, ื˜ืื•ืจื™ืŸ, ืœ-ืงืจื ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ื•ื ื•ื’ื“ื™ ื—ืžืฆื•ืŸ
  • โ€โ€ซโ€โ€ซืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืขื™ื›ื•ืœ ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžืœื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ืœื‘ื•ืŸ ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ ื•ืืกืคืงื” ืžืื•ื–ื ืช ืฉืœ ืกื™ื‘ื™ื ืชื–ื•ื ืชื™ื™ืโ€ฌ.
  • ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื”ื’ื ื” ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ืฉืœื”ื, ืžื•ืžืœืฆืช ืคื•ืจืžื•ืœื” ืžื•ืขืฉืจืช ื‘ืงื•ืžืคืœืงืก ื ื•ื’ื“ื™ ื—ืžืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืžื›ื™ืœื” ืžื ืืŸ-ืื•ืœื™ื’ื•ืกื›ืจื™ื“ื™ื.
  • ืœืื—ืจ ื’ื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืข, ื”ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ ื™ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืกื™ืžื ื™ ื”ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื. ืคื•ืจืžื•ืœื” ืžื•ืขืฉืจืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ื“ื™ ื—ืžืฆื•ืŸ ืชืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื•, ื•ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ื”ื–ื ื” ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื›ื•ื ื“ืจื•ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ื•ื’ืœื•ืงื•ื–ืžื™ืŸ, ื™ืกื™ื™ืขื• ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืขืฆืžื•ืช ื•ื”ืžืคืจืงื™ื. ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช ืžืœื•ื•ื” ื’ื ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืขื™ื›ื•ืœ ื•ื‘ืฆืจื›ื™ื ืชื–ื•ื ืชื™ื™ื ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื™ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืœื›ืœื‘ื™ ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ืื ื’ืœื™ ืžื–ื“ืงื ื™ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
  • ืชื›ื•ืœืช ื•ื™ื˜ืžื™ืŸ C ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืžื™ืŸ E ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืœื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืžื–ื™ื ื™ื ืืœื” ื™ืฉ ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ื ื•ื’ื“ื™ ื—ืžืฆื•ืŸ, ื”ืžืกื™ื™ืขื™ื ื‘ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ืชืื™ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืžืคื ื™ ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขืงื” ื—ืžืฆื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื” ืœื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช.
  • ื—ืœื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”. ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืชืคื™ืกื” ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ืช ื”ืžื•ื˜ืขื™ืช, ื”ื•ืจื“ืช ืชื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืžืขื˜ ืชื•ืขืœืช ื‘ืžื ื™ืขืช ืื™ ืกืคื™ืงืช ื›ืœื™ื•ืช. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ื›ืœื‘ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ื—ืœื‘ื•ืŸ ืชื–ื•ื ืชื™ ืคื—ื•ืช ื™ืขื™ืœ ืžื–ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœื‘ื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื”ืคื—ืชืช ืชื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื–ืจื—ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื“ืจืš ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืœื”ืื˜ ืืช ื”ื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ื”ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ืชืคืงื•ื“ ื”ื›ืœื™ื•ืช.
  • ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืจื˜ ื‘ืจื–ืœ, ื ื—ื•ืฉืช, ืื‘ืฅ ื•ืžื ื’ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืจ ื•ื”ืคืจื•ื•ื”.
  • ื›ืžื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ืฉื•ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ื‘ืœืชื™ ืจื•ื•ื™ื•ืช (ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ืฉื•ืžืŸ ืžืกื•ื’ ืื•ืžื’ื” 3 ื•ืื•ืžื’ื” 6) ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชื—ื–ืง ืืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืคืจื•ื•ื”. ื›ืœื‘ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืืช ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ืžืŸ ื”ืืœื”, ืืš ื”ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืคื™ื–ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ื–ื”.
  • ืขื ื”ื”ืชื‘ื’ืจื•ืช, ื”ื›ืœื‘ื™ื ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ื ื™ื™ื. ื›ื“ื™ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ื ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ื›ืžื•ืช ืžืกืคืงืช, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืืช ื”ื’ื•ื“ืœ, ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืจืงื ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื•ืคืชื™ื•ืช ืœืœืกืช ืฉืœื”ื. ืฆื•ืจืช ื›ื•ืคืชื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืชืืžืช ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ืงืฆื‘ ืฆืจื™ื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื›ืœื‘ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืžืฉืงืœ ื’ื•ืฃ ืชืงื™ืŸ.
  • ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื—ื™ื™ื•, ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžื”ื–ื ืช ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ืื ื’ืœื™ ื‘ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ืื ื•ืฉื™ื™ื ืื• ื‘ื—ื˜ื™ืคื™ื ืฉื•ืžื ื™ื™ื. ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ืืช, ืืคืฉืจ ืœืชื’ืžืœ ืื•ืชื ืขื ื›ื•ืคืชื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืืจื•ื—ื” ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ืช ืฉืœื”ื, ื•ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ื‘ืงืคื“ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจ ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื–ื•ื ื” ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืืจื™ื–ื” ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืžื ื•ืข ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืžื•ื’ื–ืžืช ื‘ืžืฉืงืœ.
ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ื’ื•ืจื™ ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ืื ื’ืœื™ ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ื ื”

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ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ืื ื’ืœื™

ืขืฆื•ืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ื—, ืื™ืœื•ืฃ ื•ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื’ื•ืคื ื™ืช

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ื›ืœื‘ื™ ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ืื ื’ืœื™ ื ื”ื ื™ื ืžืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื’ื•ืคื ื™ืช, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืจื™ืฆื•ืช ื•ื”ืœื™ื›ื•ืช ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื•ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื. ื›ื›ืœื‘ื™ ืฆื™ื“, ื”ื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ. ื”ืฉืชื•ื‘ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื—ืฆืจ ืขื ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” (ื”ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ืื ื’ืœื™ ื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืชื™ืช ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื!) ื’ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื’ื–ืข ื ื”ื ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืžื–ืžืŸ ืžืฉื—ืง.

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ื”ืคืจื•ื•ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืืคื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื•ืœื˜ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœื”ื. ื”ืคืจื•ื•ื” ื”ื—ืœืงื” ื•ื”ืขื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื–ืข ื”ืคื›ื” ืื•ืชื ืœื’ื•ืœืช ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ืฉืœ ืชืขืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื›ืœื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืš ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื, ื•ืขื–ืจื” ืœื”ื ืœื’ืจื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ืคืจืก ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช. ื”ื‘ืจืฉื” ื•ืกื™ืจื•ืง ืคืขื ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื™ืฉืžืจื• ืขืœื™ื” ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืžืขื•ืœื”. โ€โ€ซื”ื™ืขื–ืจื• ื‘ืกืคืจ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื˜ืคื— ืืช ื”ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืงืฉื” ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœื™ื”ืโ€ฌ โ€โ€ซื›ืžื• ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืคื ื™ื ื•ื›ืคื•ืช ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื, ื•ืžืชื—ืช ืœืฆื•ื•ืืจ, ืœืื•ื–ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืœื–ื ื‘, ืฉื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืขืจโ€ฌ ืืจื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื”ื›ืœื‘ ืฉืœื›ื ื™ื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื ืขืœ ื›ืš.
Inline Image 11

ื›ืžื• ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœื‘ื™ื ื’ื–ืขื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืชื›ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืžื•ืœื“ื•ืช, ืื™ืœื•ืฃ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชื‘ืฆืข ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืžื•ืงื“ื. ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื ื›ืœื‘ื™ื ืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืžืื•ื“, ืื™ืœื•ืฃ ื”ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชื‘ืฆืข ื‘ืกื‘ืœื ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืขื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื—. ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืคืชื—, ื•ืœื ืงืฉื™ื—ื•ืช. ื”ืจื›ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ื”ื™ื ื’ื ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ื•ื’ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช.

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ื”ื›ืœ ืื•ื“ื•ืช ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ืื ื’ืœื™

ื”ื’ื–ืข ื™ื“ื•ืข ื‘ื ื‘ื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื•, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืื ื”ื ื ืฉืืจื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื™ืช. ื–ื”ื• ื›ืœื‘ ืคืขื™ืœ ืฉืžืจื•ื•ื™ื— ืžืฉื”ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ. ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืงื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืชื›ื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžืกืžืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœื”ื™ืฉืžืข. ื”ื’ื–ืข ื”ืžืื•ื“ ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืžืฉืชื•ืงืง ืœื—ื‘ืจืชื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœื• ื•ื™ื™ื”ื ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืขื ื‘ืขืœื™ื ืฉื ื•ื›ื—ื™ื ื—ืœืง ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื”ื–ืžืŸ.

ื”ืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ื”ืื ื’ืœื™, ื’ื–ืข ืžืชื•ืง ืžืœื ื‘ืื”ื‘ื” ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืืžื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœืฆื“ ื‘ืขืœื™ื•. ื”ื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืชื›ืจื‘ืœ ื•ืœื”ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœืจืฆื•ืช.

ืชื–ื•ื ื” ืžื•ืชืืžืช ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืœืงื•ืงืจ ืกืคื ื™ืืœ ืื ื’ืœื™

LABRADOR RETRIEVER Puppy

LABRADOR RETRIEVER Puppy

ื”ืฆื’ ืžื•ืฆืจ

ืœืงืจื™ืื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืขืœ ื”ื ื•ืฉื

English Cocker Spaniel standing indoors eating from a feeding bowl

Mixed feeding your dog

Ageing Golden Retriever lying down outdoors in grass.

Urinary incontinence in dogs

Adult Jack Russell running on a beach with a ball in its mouth.

How to help your dog lose weight

ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช

1 - Veterinary Centers of America https://vcahospitals.com/

2 - ืื ืฆื™ืงืœื•ืคื“ื™ื™ืช ื”ื›ืœื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ Royal Canin. Ed 2010 and 2020

3 - Banfield Pet Hospital https://www.banfield.com/

4 - ืกืคืจ ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ืฉืœ Royal Canin BHN

5 - ืžื•ืขื“ื•ืŸ ื”ื›ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ (The American Kennel Club) ื‘ืืชืจ https://www.akc.org/