Our Guide to Small Dog Breeds
Because of their compact size, small dog breeds are popular for many reasons. Extra small breeds weigh less than 8 lbs, while small breeds weigh between 8 to 22 lbs. Their smaller size makes them well-suited for people who live in apartments or homes with limited space. Additionally, smaller dog breeds often have a playful and friendly disposition, making them excellent companions for individuals or families seeking a loyal and affectionate pet.
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5 min
What are the different types of small dogs?
Small dogs come in a diverse range of breeds, each with distinct characteristics, temperaments, and appearances. Different types of small dogs will suit different kinds of people, from energetic and playful breeds to calm and affectionate companions. If you’re looking at getting a small dog, you should consider:
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Rare Small Dog Breeds
Rare small dog breeds that are less commonly seen include the Affenpinscher and the Norwegian Lundehund.
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Friendly Dog Breeds
Small, friendly dog breeds such as Beagles, which can also be considered medium dogs, and Boston Terriers thrive on social interaction and can suit similarly extroverted people.
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Dogs for Small Homes
Dogs such as Chihuahuas and Yorkshire Terriers may be the perfect choice if you live in an apartment.
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Aesthetically-Pleasing Dogs
Aesthetically pleasing small dogs with features like pointy ears include Papillons (Continental Toy Spaniels) and Italian Greyhounds.
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Allergy-Friendly Dogs
Allergy-friendly dogs (no dog is 100% hypoallergenic) such as a Poodle can be a good choice.
Why choose a small dog?
There are several reasons why someone might choose a small dog breed over a larger one. But there are some key factors you should consider when looking at smaller pups:
Space
One of the biggest reasons why dog lovers choose small dogs is for their limited space. But keep in mind, small dogs aren’t only for small spaces and big dogs aren’t only for large ones.
Character
There are just as many small dog personalities as there are different breeds. Spend time one-on-one with the dog you are thinking about adopting and see how you connect.
Energy Level
There are many calm small dog breeds that are well-suited to people who can’t keep up with a more energetic dog.
Great for Families
You’ll find many small dog breeds listed as "best family dogs" because of their compatibility with families and children, especially once they are fully trained.
If you’re concerned about the health of your small breed, there is not an easy answer; health concerns vary widely depending on a number of factors. Whichever dog you choose, it’s best to work closely with your veterinarian to help ensure the best possible health and well-being for your small furry companions.
Small dogs are more prone to dental problems, including tooth decay and gum disease. Regular dental care is essential to maintain oral health. Some small dog breeds may also be predisposed to dental misalignment or issues with their jaw structure. Check in regularly with your veterinarian to see if your pet requires more dental attention.
Certain small breeds can be susceptible to urinary tract problems, such as bladder stones or infections. Providing proper hydration and regular bathroom breaks may help reduce the risk of these issues. However, regular veterinary visits will help ensure the optimal health of your dog.
A common orthopedic condition in small dogs where the kneecap slips out of its normal position. It’s more common in small breeds due to genetic factors and the formation of their leg structure.
Small dogs, especially those with compact chests, may be more prone to certain heart conditions, such as mitral valve disease or congenital heart defects. These conditions may be more common due to genetic predisposition and size-related factors that can strain the heart.
Many small dog breeds have brachycephalic (flat-faced) features, which can lead to respiratory problems. Their short muzzles and narrow airways make them more susceptible to brachycephalic airway syndrome, snoring, and difficulty breathing, especially in hot or humid climates.
Some small dog breeds have specific genetic conditions that are more prevalent for their breed. Examples include Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) in Toy Poodles and Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD) in Dachshunds. These breed-specific genetic conditions are more common in small dogs due to their unique genetic makeup. However, reputable breeders will do genetic testing on the parents before breeding them to minimize the risk.
Small dogs are at a higher risk of becoming overweight or obese due to several factors, including their small size, lower exercise requirements, and potential overfeeding. Obesity can lead to other small dog health issues like joint problems, heart disease, and diabetes. Speak to your veterinarian to ensure your small dog is getting the right diet and levels of exercise.
Small dogs may be more prone to these conditions due to their sensitive skin, proximity to the ground, and exposure to environmental allergens. Common allergies in small breeds include food, environmental, and contact allergies.
If you’re looking for healthy small dog breeds, there’s not really a simple answer because health concerns vary depending on so many factors. Whichever dog you choose, it’s best you work closely with your veterinarian to help provide the best possible health and well-being for your small furry companions.
What physical features might you find in small dog breeds?
Aesthetics or looks play into many people's decision-making when selecting a small dog breed. When choosing a small dog, people often consider various factors that contribute to the overall appearance and charm of the breed. Some of the vital factors that individuals may consider when it comes to the look of your small breed dog include:
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Type of Coat
Coat type is a significant consideration if you’re concerned about how your dog looks. People may prefer small curly-haired dogs like the Bichon Frise or Toy Poodle for their fluffy appearance. But know that they have more grooming requirements to keep them happy and healthy. Small, shaggy dog breeds, like the , are also popular because of their chill, placid look.
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Colour
The colour of a dog's coat can also influence their visual appeal. Some people like small grey dog breeds like the Chinese Crested or Italian Greyhound for their sleek appearance. Small dogs with black and white colouring, such as the Continental Toy Spaniel, or Papillon, have a striking and distinct look. And there are plenty of small white dog breeds out there, like the Bolognese or Maltese. With the growing popularity of Toy Poodle mixes, there has also been an increased interest in small brown dog breeds.
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Size and Proportions
A small dog's overall size and proportions can affect their aesthetic appeal. Some people may prefer breeds with a compact and well- balanced body structure, while others may find delight in small dogs with more delicate physiques, like the Chihuahua, Yorkshire Terrier, or Pomeranian.
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Ears and Tails
A small dog's ears and tail shape, size, and positioning can contribute to their overall look. For example, breeds like Australian Terriers are appreciated for their large and alert ears, while the Japanese Spitz's plumed tail adds to their overall fluffy appearance.
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General look and personality
People often choose a small dog based on the general look and character they desire. Some may be drawn to breeds with a regal and dignified look, like the Shiba Inu or Basenji which can also be considered medium dogs. Others may prefer small breeds with a playful and energetic appearance, such as the Jack Russell Terrier or Dachshund.
Ultimately, the aesthetics of any smaller dog breed can be subjective and vary from person to person. Plus, you need to consider that there are well-being factors that can come with them. Ensure you understand all aspects of your small dog breed before choosing one.
Popular Small Breeds
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Chihuahua
Known for their big personalities in small bodies, Chihuahuas are popular lap dogs. They are highly adaptable and make excellent companions for individuals or families once they are trained (but are not a great match for young children).
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Pomeranian
With their spunky personality, Pomeranians are fluffy, energetic dogs that are intelligent, alert and make excellent family pets once trained.
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Dachshund
Famous for their long bodies and short legs, Dachshunds are energetic and brave. They are loyal but are also known for their independent spirit.
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Yorkshire Terrier
Renowned for their silky coats and confident demeanor, Yorkshire Terriers are loyal and intelligent and can make excellent companions.
Explore the canine world with our small dog breeds library, here:
Young Children and Small Dogs
Well-trained small dogs can make a great addition to the family. However, they don't always mix well with small children such as toddlers. The latter could inadvertently really hurt the former when trying to play.
Whether you choose a small dog or not, they’re great companions
Small dog breeds offer a world of possibilities and much joy and companionship for any human who welcomes them into their home. As with any dog, they also come with health concerns and other factors, so you must understand all aspects before bringing one home. Although they may be great for some families, you need to ensure young children know how to interact with your dog correctly and that you train your dog. And if you have a toddler, you may want to avoid a toy-sized breed like a Toy Poodle or Yorkie to avoid any possible smushing mishaps. Whichever breed you choose, ensure you do research to ensure you find one that fits your home, and you'll have years of love and loyalty.
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