Cairn Terrier

Both the Scottish and the West Highland Terrier are descended from the lively, self-assured Cairn Terrier.
Cairn terrier black and white
    * We advise against leaving pets alone for long stretches. Companionship can prevent emotional distress and destructive behaviour. Speak to your veterinarian for recommendations. Every pet is different, even within a breed; this snapshot of this breed’s specifics should be taken as an indication. For a happy, healthy and well-behaved pet, we recommend educating and socialising your pet as well as covering their basic welfare, social and behavioural needs. Pets should never be left unsupervised with a child. All domestic pets are sociable and prefer company. However, they can be taught to cope with solitude from an early age. Seek the advice of your veterinarian or trainer to help you do this.
    Illustration of a standing Cairn Terrier
    MaleFemale
    HeightHeight
    28 - 30.5 cm28 - 30.5 cm
    WeightWeight
    6.5 - 7 kg6.5 - 7 kg
    Life Stage
    Adult
    10 months to 8 years
    MatureSenior
    8-12 yearsFrom 12 years
    Baby
    Birth to 2 months
      * We advise against leaving pets alone for long stretches. Companionship can prevent emotional distress and destructive behaviour. Speak to your veterinarian for recommendations. Every pet is different, even within a breed; this snapshot of this breed’s specifics should be taken as an indication. For a happy, healthy and well-behaved pet, we recommend educating and socialising your pet as well as covering their basic welfare, social and behavioural needs. Pets should never be left unsupervised with a child. All domestic pets are sociable and prefer company. However, they can be taught to cope with solitude from an early age. Seek the advice of your veterinarian or trainer to help you do this.
      Illustration of a standing Cairn Terrier
      MaleFemale
      HeightHeight
      28 - 30.5 cm28 - 30.5 cm
      WeightWeight
      6.5 - 7 kg6.5 - 7 kg
      Life Stage
      Adult
      10 months to 8 years
      MatureSenior
      8-12 yearsFrom 12 years
      Baby
      Birth to 2 months
      A blonde and a black Cairn Terrier stood next to each other on a rock
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      Get to know the Cairn Terrier

      All you need to know about the breed

      The Cairn Terrier comes from the Isle of Skye, off the northwest coast of Scotland. A native of the land of driving rain, the Cairn Terrier embodies the old adage ‘there’s no such thing as bad weather, only bad clothing’—their thick, resistant, double coats mean they’re not afraid of a little bit of that famous Scottish weather.

      The Cairn Terrier was originally bred to hunt out vermin from the stone cairns that dot the windswept landscape of their native land. Their name may hark back to these austere origins, but the modern-day Cairn Terrier generally does not object to a less rugged lifestyle—as long as they have plenty of regular exercise, they don’t need a big garden. Their playful, bold and lively nature makes them a great choice for families—once trained, the Cairn Terrier gets on well with children.

      Cairn Terriers are intelligent little dogs and they respond well to reward-based training. Take any treats out of their daily food portion, of course! They can learn an impressive number of tricks and commands with patient and thorough training. That training will be needed to curb Cairn Terriers’ enthusiasm for digging and barking, sometimes even at the same time.

      Although Cairn Terriers should be fine with other dogs and even cats, their drive to chase smaller animals may be trickier to overcome. But if there are no rabbits, guinea pigs or other small pets around Cairn Terriers make a great addition to the family.

      Blonde Cairn Terrier stood on dirt mound with tongue out
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      2 facts about Cairn Terriers

      Black and white portrait of a standing Cairn Terrier
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      History of the breed

      The Cairn Terrier is one of the oldest terriers, dating back several hundred years, although the breed’s exact origins are lost to the Scottish mists. With their small size and tenacious temperament, Cairn Terriers were bred to hunt rats and other creatures that hid in the cairns (or mounds of stones) that dot the Scottish landscape.

      Presumably, they didn’t get to hide for long, with determined Cairn Terriers on their scent. When compact little Cairn Terriers were first shown at dog shows in the late 19th century, they were grouped with other small terrier breeds from the region known as Scotch terriers. Those were later split, with a new breed classification, Skye terriers, incorporating Cairn Terriers. Skye terriers were again sub-divided, with what we know today as Cairn Terriers failing into the category of hard-haired terriers. Still with us? Those hard-haired terriers were finally divided up again into three breeds that are still popular today: Cairn Terriers, Scottish Terriers and West Highland White Terriers. Cairns finally got their official name and breed designation in the early 20th century. Phew!

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      From head to tail

      Physical characteristics of Cairn Terriers

      Illustration of a standing Cairn Terrier

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      Blonde Cairn Terrier looking up to the left
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      Things to look out for

      From specific breed traits to a general health overview, here are some interesting facts about your Cairn Terrier

      Healthy diet, healthier dog

      Cairn Terrier caught on camera mid-jump
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      Caring for your Cairn Terrier

      Grooming, training and exercise tips

      Cairn Terriers are lively and alert and, as you would expect from a working dog, need a decent amount of exercise to keep them content and healthy. Times have changed since the breed came into being – they don’t require free run of acres of Scottish highland – but they do need proper walks and they also enjoy playing games. They benefit from the chance to run off the lead too—to avoid any altercations, just make sure they are in an enclosed space and there are no smaller animals around. Cairn Terriers need regular weekly basic grooming. Occasional hand-stripping by a professional groomer (plucking out the dead hairs from the under layer) will keep their thick coats in great condition. Cairn Terriers can have a tendency to bark. However, training should help get that under control. With rewards in hand, training in general should be straightforward—Cairn Terriers are intelligent and eager to please and make a wonderful family pet.

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      All about Cairn Terriers

      Sources

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